
Even the railroad barons never did this: an $85 billion merger stretching from coast to coast
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Union Pacific is seeking to buy Norfolk Southern in a deal that would create the first transcontinental railroad, and potentially trigger a wave of rail mergers.
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investment
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July 29, 2025
12:28 PM
Fortune
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The analysis demonstrates Finance·TransportationEven the railroad barons never did this: an $85 billion merger stretching from coast to coastBy Josh FunkBy The Associated PressBy Josh FunkBy The Associated Press In this photo vided by Union Pacific, from left, Union Pacific CEO Jim Vena sits next to Norfolk Southern CEO Mark George as both men sign the agreement to merge the two railroads they lead on Monday, July 28, 2025 in Omaha, Neb (this bears monitoring)
Bill Sitzmann/Union Pacific via APUnion Pacific is seeking to buy Norfolk Southern in a $85 billion deal that would create the first transcontinental railroad in the U
S, and potentially trigger a final wave of rail mergers across the country
What the data shows is posed merger, announced Tuesday, would marry Union Pacific’s rail network in the West with Norfolk’s rails that snake across Eastern states
In contrast, The nation was first linked by rail in 1869, when a golden railroad spike was driven in Utah to symbolize the connection of East and West Coasts, given current economic conditions
Yet no single entity has controlled that coast-to-coast passage that so many es rely on (fascinating analysis)
This analysis suggests that data indicates that railroads said the tie-up would line deries of raw materials and goods across the country
On the other hand, This demonstrates that AP first reported the merger talks earlier this month a week before the railroads confirmed the discussions last week (noteworthy indeed)
Any deal would be closely scrutinized by antitrust regulators that have set a very high bar for railroad deals after previous consolidation in the industry led to massive backups and snarled traffic
But if the deal is apved, the two remaining major American railroads — BNSF and CSX — will face tremendous pressure to merge so they can compete
Nevertheless, The continent’s two other major railroads — Canadian National and CPKC — may also get involved (an important development)
Union Pacific is offering $20 billion cash and one of its stock to complete the deal
Norfolk Southern holders would receive one UP and $88. 82 in cash for each one of their s as part of the deal that values NS at roughly $320 per
Norfolk Southern closed at just over $260 a earlier this month before the first reports speculating a deal
Union Pacific’s stock rose slightly to $229. 35 in premarket trading, while Norfolk Southern’s stock dipped more than 2% to $279
Union Pacific CEO Jim Vena, who has been championing a merger, said the deal could make it possible for lumber from the Pacific Northwest and plastics duced on the Gulf Coast and steel made in Pittsburgh to all reach their destinations more seamlessly
Meanwhile, “Railroads have been an integral part of building America since the Industrial Revolution, and this transaction is the next step in advancing the industry,” Vena said
However, A combined Union Pacific and Norfolk would have an advantage because they won’t have to hand off shipments in the middle of the country anymore, enabling them to make deries more quickly and ly at a lower rate, in this volatile climate
Moreover, However, Railroads have already gone through extensive consolidation
Additionally, There were more than 30 major freight railroads in the early 1980s
Today, six major railroads that handle the majority of shipments nationwide
Rival BNSF, owned by Berkshire Hathaway, has the war chest to pursue an acquisition of it chooses
Furthermore, CEO Warren Buffett is sitting on more than $348 billion cash and he may be interested in completing one last major deal before he gives up his role as chief exeucutive at the end of the year
Last week Buffett threw cold water on reports that he had enlisted Goldman Sachs to advise him on a potential rail deal in an interview with CNBC, but given that he rarely uses investment bankers that doesn’t mean that he and his successor, Greg Abel, aren’t considering their options (this bears monitoring)
At the same time, After all, Buffett reached the agreement to buy the rest of BNSF for $26, in today's market environment. 3 billion in a private meeting with the CEO in 2009
On the other hand, Yet there’s widespread debate over whether a major rail merger would be apved by the Surface Transportation Board, which has established a high bar for consolidation in the crucial industry
However, At the same time, That’s largely because of the aftermath of an industry consolidation nearly 30 years ago that involved Union Pacific
Union Pacific merged with Southern Pacific in 1996 and the tie-up led to an ext period of snarled traffic on U (an important development)
Three years later, Conrail was divvied up by Norfolk Southern and CSX, which led to more backups on rails in the East
However, just two years ago, the STB apved the first major rail merger in more than two decades
However, In that deal, which was supported by big shippers, Canadian Pacific acquired Kansas City Southern for $31 billion to create the CPKC railroad
The data indicates that re were some unique factors in that deal that combined the two smallest major freight railroads
The combined railroad, regulators reasoned, would benefit trade across North America
Nevertheless, Union Pacific and Norfolk Southern said they expect to submit their application for apval within the next six months and hope the deal would get apved by early 2027
On Tuesday, Norfolk Southern reported a $768 million second-quarter fit, or $3, in this volatile climate. 41 per, as volume grew 3%, given current economic conditions
In contrast, That’s up from $737 million, or $3. 25 per, a year ago, but the results were affected by insurance payments from its 2023 East Palestine derailment and restructuring costs
Without the one-time factors, Norfolk Southern made $3. 29 per, which was just below the $3
However, 31 per that analysts surveyed by FactSet Re predicted (noteworthy indeed)
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